Reduction of Radiation Hazard in the Catheterization Laboratory

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the role of a new radiology equipment and other protective measures in the reduction of radiation hazard in the catheterization laboratory.

Methods: We adopted meticulous simple ways to reduce radiation hazard, such as isolation of the tube by lead covering the space between the table and the ground. Radiation doses were systematically recorded from radiation badges of 5 cardiologists and one radiology technician in catheterization laboratory in Bnai-zion medical center. Doses were compared in the era prior and after installation of “Echo dose systems- Phillips” in year 2015. This equipment reduced the radiation dose mainly by reduction of frequency repetition of the beam, while keeping satisfactory image resolution. During this transition period, Coronary procedures were switched from trans-femoral to trans-radial approach. Due to the increased radiation exposure with radial approach, patients who underwent radial catheterization, abdominal and pelvic areas were also covered with lead to reduce exposure to radiation.

Results: In the year 2015 two new radiology tubes were installed in the catheterization laboratory in our center. The mean annual cumulative dose in years 2010 to 2014 was 838.1+526.2 mili REM decreased to 119.3+ 133.6 mili REM in year 2015, despite the transition from femoral to radial approach in more than 90% of coronary procedures in the year 2015. The mean number of coronary angiograms, percutaneous interventions and implanted devices did not change during these two time periods: 719 Vs 603, 576 Vs 513 and 136 Vs 132 respectively.

Conclusion: Recent versions of radiology equipment which has the capability of dose reduction is very effective in reduction of radiation hazard to both patients and team. Despite the transition to trans-radial approach, simple techniques such as table and patient coverage by protective lead reduce the radiation hazard as well.