Objective: No consensus guidelines exist for the preoperative respiratory treatment of asthmatic children referred to elective surgery. The aim of this study was to study the attitude of pediatric anesthesiologists (PA) to this issue. Methods: A questionnaire survey comprising 44 PA in Israel was conducted. 24 questions regarding approach to preoperative management were answered including 6 case scenarios with a variety of clinical situations and treatments of asthmatic children. The results were compared to the attitude of pediatric pulmonologists (PP) recently published using a similar methodology. Results: 25% of the PA reported that the primary pediatrician should be consulted in addition to the PA and 70% believed that a PP should be consulted. Overall, results showed a wide variability between responders especially for preschool children and poorly controlled school-aged asthmatic children. The variability referred to the use of: any treatment, bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids and their combination, addition of systemic corticosteroids and the length of preoperative treatment. Compared to PP, a better within discipline agreement was observed by the PA for well-controlled school-aged asthmatic children with a lower inclination to augment preoperative treatment (p<0.001). No difference was observed for the poorly-controlled and for preschool children with asthma. Conclusions: A wide variability exists in PA approach to the preoperative management of asthmatic children for most common case scenarios. This is probably explained by the lack of guidelines and the paucity of data. Similarities as well as differences exist between PA and PP. Further studies and implantation of consensus guidelines are needed.