This presentation will review 30 years of practice in two centres in the UK; Nottingham and London, with contrasting groups of children and parents from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. It will highlight how individual patient practice has informed a wider population based approach in terms of care which protects and promotes health and prevents disease using a community paediatric and child public health frame. Injury prevention, infant mortality prevention and promotion of nutrition and oral health are 3 specific topic areas covered to illustrate the approach. The close collaboration with family practitioners, specialists, nursing and public health is a key factor in addressing complex multi-causal issues which affect our children in the 21st century. It is argued that the time for such collaborative efforts needs to be increasingly recognised in modern practice.