Our laboratory focuses on finding profitable ways to reduce CO2 emissions at a scale and timeframe that enables the gradual phase-in of renewable energy. Such a program deployed in 10-15 years will effectively reduce CO2 emissions by 20%, or about 7 billion tonnes. CO2 emissions using a three-pronged approach: (1) Emit less CO2 by developing low cost manufacturing processes and new classes of materials to lightweight vehicles. (2) Invent processes that utilize CO2 as a feedstock to create carbon neutral and carbon-negative footprint products. (3) Capture and sequester CO2 through subsurface storage. Our analysis of these three approaches show that by low-cost approaches (1) and (2) achieve remarkable reductions in CO2 emissions, without the necessity to deploy costly approach (3). Technologies commercialized to effect (1) and (2) not result in benchmark-performance materials at low-cost. Work on cement and concrete prove this, as they are the cheapest composites in the world.