Internal and External Factors Underlying Creative Process of Sculptors in Mas Village, Bali: A New Concept

Creativity is a phenomenon created from the interaction of three systems: person, cultural system, and social system (Csikszentmihalyi, 2014). The factors underlying creative process and the interactions between the factors are important to be studied, especially in specific sociocultural context (Csikszentmihalyi, 1999; Gardner, 1999; Lehrer, 2012). This research aims to explore the factors underlying the creative process of sculptors in Mas village, Gianyar-Bali, and to create an explanatory model for the creative process. The research was done using qualitative method with phenomenological approach. Four male Balinese sculptors who live in Mas village, Gianyar-Bali were recruited as respondents for the research, each with over 15 years of experience in the field. Data were gathered through observation and in-depth interview and were explored further by the researcher by probing. The result of the research was an exposition of internal and external factors underlying creative process of sculptors in Mas village, Gianyar-Bali. There were 9 key factors which underlie the creative process of sculptors identified in study. Factors were classified into two categories: internal and external factors. Internal factors include experience, education, talent, and motivation to create. External factors include culture, influence from other atrtists, capital to create, hospitality industry, and trends in the society. The research results, which gave a new insight on creative process in Balinese sociocultural context, were in line with previous studies on creativity.