The Unique Possibilities of Electron Beam Technology

Electron beams technology (EBT) based on the latest achievements of modern physics: physics of complex systems, physics of radiation damage in materials, radiation materials science. Special non-equilibrium state is created at EBT. It lead to unique properties of irradiated objects that, as a rule, cannot achieved by other methods. Prospects of EBT are described in the report “Accelerators for America’s future” that published recently in the USA.

Efficiency criteria of EBT are formulated. The relative contribution of ionization losses and elastic and inelastic collisions of high-energy ions and relativistic electrons with nuclei to radiation damage is compared. Cascade functions, threshold displacement energies, maximum recoil energies and defect production cross sections are described. The contribution of unstable Frenkel pairs to the radiation damage of materials, radiation preference and features of radiation damage of materials during cyclic and mixed irradiation are estimated. The experimental methods of irradiation on accelerator are described.

One of the main technological problems that may be to solve by treatment of electron beams is obtaining materials with predetermined properties. Original results such as auto steel sheet with enhanced capability for deep-drawing, transformer steel with very reduced energy loss, fire-resistant steel composite sound-insulator ‘antiphon’ for quick redevelopment of premises and for sound insulation in car-making obtained by EBT are described in this report.

Treatment by electron beams significantly improves properties of polymers. Investigation of physical mechanisms of electrification of polymer films under electron irradiation carried out and innovation materials radioelectrets obtained. Their promising applications in medicine, electronics, packaging industry, environmental protection and other fields are described.