Selective Component Retainment in the Treatment of Chronic Periprosthetic Infection of Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review

Aim: The aim of this study was to review and analyze the reported series of partial-retention revision arthroplasty in the management of chronic infected total hip arthroplasties (THAs) and to establish the appropriate indications and overall success rate and risk factors for failure of such a treatment.

Methods: Using a standardized study protocol, meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology guidelines, a comprehensive review and analysis of the literature was performed. The primary outcome measure was success of treatment. The search strategy and inclusion criteria which involved an assessment of quality yielded 10 studies for analysis, which included 136 patients.

Results: The success rate following partial-retention revision arthroplasty in the management of infected THA is 90%. Factors that were associated with a high failure rate included immunocompromised state and repeated operations. There was a statistically insignificant risk of failure in cases of femoral revision.

Conclusion: The reported success rate when adhering to the accepted indications appears high and is comparable to complete revision arthroplasty in cases of chronic infected THAs. The added benefit of minimizing bone loss and shorter operating times renders this treatment option a viable choice in select patients.