Experimental Study on Ice Accumulation Before Inverted Siphon

In the vast northern regions, ice accumulation or ice cover may form along rivers in winter, which may cause ice jam flood. For water diversion project, ice related problems may increase flow resistance or even cut off water supply which has considerable influences. This paper takes the Tanghe inverted siphon of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China as an example, and carries out experimental studies under the real ice condition with different water levels, flow discharges and submerged depths. The characteristics of the ice jam distribution and the relationship between t_i/H(ratio of ice jam thickness t_i to total water level H) and Fr_i(Froude number under ice jam) are analyzed. An equation for the ice jam thickness calculation before the inverted siphon is also put forward.