Hydro-chemical Analysis of Groundwater for Domestic and Irrigation Purpose of North-eastern Haryana Using Water Quality Index

The current investigation was carried out to analyse the quality of groundwater in north-eastern Haryana, India. A total of 30 groundwater samples were taken from whole investigation area on April 2017 and evaluated for physico-chemical constituents including pH, Total Dissolved Solid, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Chloride, Sulphate, Bicarbonate_, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Fluoride, Nitrate and Iron. Hydro-chemical elements were as profusion of Sodium > Calcium > Magnesium > Potassium, and Bicarbonate > Chloride > Sulphate > Nitrate> Fluoride and analytical parameters were as abundance of TDS > TH > TA > pH and Fe, respectively. The outcomes were appraised and compared with BIS and WHO. Eight sites (nos. 8, 19, 22, 23, 24, 27, 29 and 30) were not suitable for domestic and irrigation use. Remaining sites have been found to be safe. From the data observed, the WQI was computed to quantify groundwater pre-eminence status of the study region. The WQI was found to be ‘good’, ‘poor’, ‘very poor’ and ‘unfit for drinking’ in 10%, 26.67%, 43.33%, 20% of samples, respectively. Further, the suitability of sub-surface water for irrigation was assessed by appraising the Na⁺% and SAR. It is observed that rooted on the WQI outcomes a few of the water samples were not suitable for irrigation and domestic purposes.

Keywords: Groundwater quality, Hydro-chemical elements, WQI, Na⁺% and SAR.