The fact that the redox potential of the couple CO3.-/CO32-, 1.57 V, is considerably lower than that of the OH./H2O suggests that in many catalytic oxidation processes carbonate might be involved. Indeed results point out that the Fenton reaction in the presence of HCO3- proceeds via:
Fe(H2O)62+ + HCO3- ⇌ FeII(CO3)(H2O)3 + H3O+ + 2H2O
FeII(CO3)(H2O)3 + OOH- ⇌ (CO3)FeII(OOH)(H2O)2- + H2O
(CO3)FeII(OOH)(H2O)2- -> (CO3)FeIV(OH)3(H2O)-
(CO3)FeIV(OH)3(H2O)- -> FeIII(OH)3(H2O) + CO3.-
i.e. the active ROS in physiological media and in advanced oxidation processes is CO3.- and not OH..
Furthermore DFT calculations suggest that CO3.- is expected as the active species in photo-catalytic oxidation processes.
The observation that CuII(CO3)n(2n-2)- and NiIIL2+ in the presence of bicarbonate are good electro-catalysts for water oxidation is due to:
Acknowledgement: This study was supported by a grant from the Pazy Foundation.