Dental Morbidity in Children with Iron Deficiency Anemia

Study of the dental disease prevalence in children with iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

Objective: to study the prevalence of caries in children with type iron deficiency anemia

Materials and Methods: A study of 1,500 people of children and adolescents in rural areas of Karaganda region aged from 3 to 17 years with IDA and dental diseases was conducted. 765 (51%) of them are boys and 735 (49%) are girls. Total number of children with IDA was 812 (54% of the total number surveyed). Mild IDA was in 288 (35.5%) children, moderate - in 181 (22.3%), severe - in 51 (6.4%).

Results: The prevalence of caries was 69.4% in patients with anemia, the prevalence of periodontal disease was 39%, dental-anomalies occurred most of all in children with anemia - 96,1%. The highest prevalence of caries in children with anemia was observed in preschool (73.9%) and younger school age (77.2%). In IDA, a mildly chronice form of caries was found in 54.3% of cases, the subacute form of caries was 9.51%, and the acute form - in 0.84%. With moderate IDA 39.1%, 14.8% and 12.2% respectively. When severe IDA - 32.4%, 32.4% and 19.1%, respectively. With an increase in the severity of IDA, a dynamic increase in caries was observed, indicating a direct correlation.

Conclusions: The prevalence of caries in 3-6 year old children on the background of IDA is 75.6% and without IDA - 71.3% (p <0.001), in 7-11 year old children 79.2% and 74.9% (p <0.001), in 12-17 year old children - 52.6% and 52.6% (p <0.001), respectively.