Background: Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) is a severe multifactorial disease in preterm neonates associated with childhood blindness. The aim was to systematically review the literature to identify independent risk factors for ROP.
Methods: Pubmed/Medline, Cochrane and Embase were searched systematically for studies reporting risk factors for ROP in neonates using multivariable analysis.
Results: From 951 initial hits, 14 studies were included, with various designs. Significant risk factors for ROP reported in at least two studies were: low birth weight, low gestational age, small for gestational age, multiple gestation, total duration of oxygen supplementation, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sepsis, transfusion.
Conclusion: High quality studies on prognostic factors for ROP are rare. Several prognostic factors, that are not necessarily causal, are associated with ROP. High quality prognostic research is necessary to establish the predictive values of these factors.
| First author |
Owen |
Ozdemir |
Huang |
Tsui1 |
Port |
Yau |
Li |
Park |
Tsui2 |
Celebi |
Manzoni |
Araz |
Ahn |
Uchida |
Sabzehei |
| GA |
OR 0.487, P＜0.001;95%CI 0.37-0.642 |
P＜0.001;OR 0.81, 95%CI, 0.77-0.85 |
＜0.0001 |
OR: 0.563 per week; 95% CI: 0.454, 0.697 |
p=0.000 |
P＜0.001;OR 0.4, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.3-0.5 |
P ＜0.001;OR 1.410, 95% CI, 1.175-1.694 |
P =0.01;OR 7.29, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.30-0.85 |
P＜ 0.001;OR 2.775, 95% CI, 1.625-4.74 |
P=0.019 |
P = 0.002;OR 0.660, 95%CI, 0.508–0.858 |
P=0.002,OR=4.89 |
| BW |
OR 0.998, P=0.003;95%CI 0.996-0.999 |
OR: 0.64 (95% Cl 0.47–0.88); P¼0.006 |
P＜0.0005;OR 0.92, 95%CI, 0.88-0.97 |
＜0.0001 |
OR: 0.741 per 100g; 95% CI: 0.606, 0.905 |
adjusted OR 0.996 [95% confidence interval 0.993-0.998] |
p=0.002 |
|
P＜0.001;OR 1.558, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.321-1.835 |
P =0.04;OR 0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.02 |
P =＜0.001;OR 6.027, 95%CI, 3.388-10.722 |
P＜0.001 |
P < 0.001; OR 0.996, 95% CI, 0.994–0.998 |
| SGA |
|
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P=0.0407;OR 1.24, 95%CI, 1.01-1.55 |
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P＜0.001 |
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| Multiple gestation |
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OR 2.02, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.56 |
|
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P=0.001,OR=3.51 |
| Total duration of oxygen supplementation |
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p=0.002 |
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P=0.009,OR=3.11 |
| RDS |
|
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p=0.008 |
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P ＜ 0.001;OR 2.179, 95% CI, 1.473-3.223 |
| BPD |
|
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＜0.0001 |
OR: 4.68, 95%CI: 1.93, 11.35 |
p=0.000 |
P＜0.005;OR 1.0, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1-7.9 |
|
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| Sepsis |
|
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P=0.0123;OR 0.84, 95% CI, 0.73-0.96 |
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P =0.047;OR 0.464, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.218-0.989 |
P = 0.006;OR 2.165, 95% CI, 1.254-3.738 |
| Transfusion |
|
P=0.0123;OR 0.84, 95% CI, 0.73-0.96 |
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P =0.002;OR 2.165, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.332-3.509 |
P=0.02,OR=4.91 |
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