WhatsApp as an Informal Telemedicine Platform

Background: The WhatsApp application was introduced in 2009 and since became a popular application.

Data on use of WhatsApp as informal Tele-Medicine platform, used by patients to consult physicians, are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of use of WhatsApp as medical consultation platform and its possible risks and benefits.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted in Israel from August to November, 2019. Data were obtained through questionnaires filled by pediatricians. The frequency of WhatsApp consultations, clinical features and recommendations given, were compared according to the pediatrician`s expertise (resident Vs specialist) and place of work (hospital Vs community).

Results: Three hundred and four pediatricians with a median age of 37 years (range 27-74) filled questionnaires; 129 pediatric residents and 175 specialists. 302 (99.3%) give whatsApp consultations on regular basis. The majority (65%) reported 1-5 consultations/week. Ten or more consultations/week were more common among specialists compared to residents (24% vs 5.4%, p<0.001). Clinical cases were the most common consultation (77%), mainly, rash (37%), fever (21.5%) and trauma (12%). Media was attached in 72% of cases, especially in cases of patients with rash (94%). There were no major differences between physicians according to place of work. No disclaimer, on the risks associated with the informal consultation, was added in 33% of the consultations.

Conclusions: WhatsApp medical consultation is common, especially among specialists. Attached media is a major advantage of this platform. Ethical and legal aspects are not fully considered. Guidelines are further needed.