Aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries using Lithiated manganese oxide as high performance anodes

For load leveling/large energy storage application the main challenge is good cycling performance with low cost, safety and usage of environmentally friendly materials. The aqueous batteries are one of the best approaches, the working voltage window is limited to H₂ and O₂ evolution potentials. The enhancement in capacity and voltage window so that energy density of device depends on the stability window of used electrolyte for particular substrate, intercalation/de-intercalation type layered LMO₂ and LiMn₂O₄ spinel materials as a cathode, capacitive (activated carbon) and pseudocapacitive (Metal oxides, nitrides and its carbon composites) as an anode material have been explored. In present work, lithated MnO₂ synthesized using simple solid-state method and explored as a low-cost Mn based anode material for aqueous Li ion battery. Investigated the stability of this lithated MnO₂ phase in LiNO₃, Li₂SO₄, LiCl electrolyte solutions. It shows stable capacity of 50 mAh/g and delvers stable capacity retention up to 300 cycles for full cell of Lithiated MnO₂//LiMn₂O₄ cell. Further analyzed performance by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and XRD. The X-ray D pattern shows exitance of single-phase mechanism during insertion and de-insertion of Li ion from lithiated MnO₂ phase.

References

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