Congenital Cutaneous Aplasia: A Case Report

Congenital cutaneous aplasia (CCA) is a rare congenital anomaly of the skin defined by the absence of epidermis, dermis and, sometimes, subcutaneous tissue. It’s located preferentially at the level of the vertex and of variable extent. Its incidence is estimated at 1/10000 births.
We report a case of Thoracic trunk CAA in a newborn baby, an even rarer location.
Through this observation, we make a literature review insisting on the associated malformations to seek and the risk factors for morbidity and mortality.
The observetion is about a male newborn, from a non-consanguineous marriage, admitted at one day of life for management of a congenital abdominal skin lesion. Inspection revealed a curvilinear skin ulceration in the two iliac fossae measuring approximately 7cm × 1.5cm without defect in the abdominal wall and associated with a 0.5cm sacral dimple. The neurological examination and the rest of the physical examination were normal. The evolution was favorable.
CCA is a rare defect that can affect the entire skin covering. Most of the time this anomaly is isolated but we should systematically seek for a syndromic associations.
Morbidity and mortality depend on the associated lesions or, in the case of vertex involvement, the exposure of the underlying structures.