Body Composition in Children with Morbid Obesity - EAP 2021 Virtual Congress and MasterCourse

Giulnar Safarova ¹ Evgeniya Milner ² Anna Zavyalova ³ Yuri Petrenko ³ Valeria Novikova ⁴ Natalia Getsko ³ Evgeniya Lisovskaya ³ Oleg Lisovskii ³ Ivan Lisitsa ³ Bakhram Selikhanov ³

¹5-Th Year Student, Faculty of Pediatrics, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
²Deputy Chief Physician of the Pediatric, Clinic Limited Liability Company Ava-Peter Llc, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
³General Medical Practice, Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
⁴Propedevtica Child Disease, Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Background

According to the WHO, almost 13% of people in the world are suffering from the obesity. In addition, some estimates predict further increase in number of obese children and adolescents to 9.1% of whole population (which is 60 million children). Childhood obesity has short-term and long-term negative consequences for both physical and mental health. Such trends determine the importance and relevance of the further search of effective ways to combat childhood obesity.

Objective

Compare the body composition of children with 2-3 obesity degrees with body composition of morbid-obese children.

Methods

Under the supervision of a nutritionist, there were 174 children (from 6 to 17 years 10 months) with obesity verified by the endocrinology department. The exceptions were patients with neuroendocrine obesity, children with genetic and chromosomal syndromes, with an iatrogenic cause of obesity. The criterion for dividing into groups was the Z-score of BMI. The first group included patients with a BMI of up to +3.9 SD, the group of morbid obesity included children with an excess of BMI from the average age norm +4 SD.

Conclusion

An increase in the fat component in children with morbid obesity goes along with an increase in muscle mass (lean and active cell mass, which is a favorable prognostic moment in the rehabilitation of this group of children. There were no differences in lipid metabolism in both groups. Dyslipidemia of varying severity was present in all patients. At the same time, violations of nitrogen metabolism were revealed in the group of children with morbid obesity, which requires further analysis.