The Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic Quarantine on Weight, Lifestyle and Mood among Children in Israel

Background

Three weeks after diagnosing the first COVID-19 case in Israel, the government decided to suspend the education system as a part of general quarantine, and the schools remained closed for almost two months during March and April. Some undesirable consequences of prolonged homestay are physical inactivity, weight gain, behavioral disorders, and social distancing.

Methods

We collected data from parents (n= 72 Jews, n= 175 Arabs) of children aged 6-14 years (mean age 9.2) by using self-reported questionnaires regarding the pre and during the COVID-19 quarantine period, which assessed the children`s eating habits, lifestyle, mood, behavior, physical and mental health. It also included questions about the parents’ decisions and concerns regarding accessing medical services for their children.

Results

Parents from both groups reported that their children gained weight during the quarantine (44.4% Jews, 54.8% Arabs). Quarantine had a significant negative impact on physical activity and exercising among Arab children compared to the pre-quarantine period (P<0.05). COVID-19 pandemic and the quarantine had more effect on Jewish children mental health and on the concerns that their parents might have regarding their children being infected by COVID-19, in case they approach medical facilities (P<0.01 and P<0.001 respectively).

Conclusion

This study may assist the education authorities further understand the impact of quarantine on children, and adopt a system that better meets the child`s needs in order to reduce the negative impact of a pandemic or similar crises in the future which may obligate children to be locked in their homes for a prolonged period.