Non-Financial Employment Commitment (NFEC) is an important measure of work ethics. The most common indicator of NFEC is the classic "Lottery Question" which asked whether an individuals would continue or stop working if they won a lottery or inherited a large sum of money. NFEC of Muslims in general and of Arab Muslims in particular, have not been studied. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to fill this gap by exploring the NFEC among Arab Muslims in Israel and comparing it to that of Jews in Israel. The sample included 215 Muslims and 898 Jews representing the Israeli labor force. The findings reveal higher NFEC among Arab Muslims, particularly among women, compared to Jews. Muslims and Jews in urban areas have a lower NFEC then those who live in smaller localities. Among both Jews and Muslims, NFEC significantly increases with education level and income. We adapted the core-periphery model and found that it could explain our findings regarding NFEC differences among ethno-religious groups in different residential areas. As we indicated before, it is the first time that NFEC of Arab Muslims has been studied and NFEC is an important measure of the work ethic. A high NFEC of Arab Muslims, especially among women, reflects a high non-actualized potential for the Israeli society and economy.