Israel is small country, but it is world famous for innovation. In recent years, China is endeavoring to implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, and try to become a leading innovative country by 2030. So Israel has a lot of experience for China to learn from. Taking the Israeli government, enterprises, universities, institutes and the military as the main research objects, this paper summarizes the experience of Israel`s building of an innovative country from five dimensions of mechanism, manpower, capital, technology and culture, and analyzes its enlightenment to China.