Osteoporosis remission and new bone formation through nanoparticle based treatment
2Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER- BBN), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER- BBN), Spain
3Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
Nanotechnology changed the concept of treatment for a variety of diseases, producing a huge impact regarding drug and gene delivery. Among the different targeted diseases, osteoporosis has produced and increased interest due to its constantly growing prevalence and its enormous socio-economic impact. A lot of efforts are focused on finding new approaches to achieve better treatments for this devastating disease.1 Recently, the application of small interfering RNA (siRNA) has become a promising alternative. Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway controls bone development and formation. This pathway is negatively regulated by sclerostin, which knock-down through siRNA application would potentially promote bone formation. However, the major bottleneck for siRNA-based treatments is the necessity of a delivery vector, bringing nanotechnology as a potential solution. Among the available nanocarriers, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have attracted great attention for intracellular delivery of siRNAs by the functionalization with cationic polymers such as poly(ethylenimine).2 The mesoporous structure of MSNs permits the delivery of siRNAs together with an osteogenic peptide, osteostatin, achieving a combination therapy. The nanoparticle administration produced an increased expression of osteogenic related genes and producing new bone formation. The designed system was able to protect and deliver both biomolecules to the target tissue by systemic administration modifying gene expression and improving bone microarchitecture. The treated osteoporotic mice recovered values of a healthy situation approaching to osteoporosis remission.3 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that MSNs have been employed in a combination therapy for the treatment of osteoporosis, which has leaded to promising results of bone recovery in osteoporotic animals.
References
1. J.E. Compston, M.R. McClung, W.D. Leslie. Lancet, 2019, 393, 364.
2. Mora-Raimundo, P., Lozano, D., Manzano, M., Vallet-Regí, M. ACS Nano, 2019, 13, 5451
3. Mora-Raimundo, P., Lozano, D., Benito, M., Mulero, F., Manzano, M., Vallet-Regí, M. Adv. Sci. 2021, 2101107
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