Accidental CT Findings of Corpus Callosum Agenesis and Colpocephaly in a Patient with Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation

Patients with agenesis of the Corpus Callosum (ACC) and enlargement of the occipital horns of the lateral ventricles with decrease in parieto-occipital parenchymal volume, known as Colpocephaly, usually present with intellectual impairment, seizures, hydrocephalus, and spasticity. However, in rare cases, normal neurological and motor development occurs. Different etiologies have been suggested, including chromosomal anomalies, intrauterine infection, perinatal anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and maternal drug ingestion during pregnancy. Here, we report an illustrative case of a 44-year-old female with normal neurological and motor function who presented to the E.R with left periorbital headache, proptosis and ptosis. Neuroimaging revealed left exophthalmos with swelling of periorbital soft tissue and rectus medial muscle, compatible with a diagnosis of Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation. Additional findings included ACC and Colpocephaly. This case illustrates the strong influence of cerebral plasticity on neurological and motor development.