Robotic versus Conventional Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Comparative Study
2Pat Matthews Academic School of Nursing, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center
Background:
Robotic systems in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) are computer-controlled or assisted systems. Several studies have shown lower rates of malalignment, reduction in postoperative pain and a reduction in hospital length of stay with no differences in the rate of complications or patient satisfaction. The evidence regarding the long-term results of the surgeries performed using the robot is inconclusive.
Methods:
A retrospective study. 150 primary TKA using a robot (NAVIO system) performed between August 2019 and August 2020 were sampled, compared to 150 conventional TKA performed between July 2018 and July 2019.
Results:
The study shows no significant differences in the socio-demographic data of the subjects between the two groups of patients: age, gender, country of birth. One mortality case in each group was noted. No significant difference in infection rate (p> 0.05). We found a significant shorter length of stay in the Robotic group (p <0.01). Conventional TKA group had a longer operation time by 8 minutes. It also shows that there is a significant difference in the level of pain on the first day after surgery in favor of the Robotic TKA group (p <0.05). There is also a negative relationship between the number of times the surgeon operated on a robot and the number of hospitalization days (p<0.01) and the time of the operation (p<0.01). That is, as the surgeon gains more experience in surgery using the robot, the time of surgery shortens and so do the days of hospitalization. The revision rate in the Conventional TKA group was higher, but in a longer follow up period.
Conclusions:
Our results show that Robotic TKA shortens the operation time and the In-hospital length of stay, lowers the post-operative pain level without increasing complication rate. The results are better after the initial learning curve.