IOA 2022

Epidemiology of Primary Shoulder Dislocation Requiring Closed Reduction Presenting to a Trauma Center in Israel

Shay Ribenzaft Lee Yaari Mohamed Kittani Mustafa Yasin Barak Haviv
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Rabin Medical Center, Israel

Background:
The glenohumeral joint of the shoulder is the most frequently dislocated joint and has the potential to cause dysfunction and pain. The epidemiology of traumatic shoulder dislocations is deficiently understood. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine the incidence of primary shoulder dislocations presenting to a hospital emergency department in Israel and define demographic characteristics for these injuries, with particular focus on age and sex.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort analysis of ED Records between January 2014 to December 2020 was conducted in a single trauma center. This study included all patients >10 years with a primary shoulder dislocation that were treated with closed reduction (CR) procedure in the ED. An overall incidence density rate (IDR) (per 100,000 person-years) of primary shoulder dislocations requiring CR was calculated. The data was used to evaluate the age-specific and gender-specific epidemiology.

Results:
Between 2014 to 2020 there were 1302 patients who underwent closed reduction after a primary shoulder dislocation. Of those, a total of 106 shoulder stabilization surgeries were performed (8%). The IDR of primary shoulder dislocations was 25.6 per 100,000 person-years. The mean patient`s age was 45±21 years and 69% were males. The peak number of dislocations was observed in the age groups of 20 to 29 years and over 60 years. In the age groups under 59 years dislocations were more common in men while in ages over 60 years dislocations were more common in women. The vast majority of shoulder stabilization surgeries were performed in ages under 39 years.

Conclusions:
This is the first time the incidence of shoulder dislocations has been studied in a large tertiary referral hospital in Israel. The IDR of primary shoulder dislocations of 25.6 per 100,000 person-years was similar to IDR found in the US, UK, and Canada. Most primary dislocations occurred in young patients in their twenties and above 60, while most surgeries were performed in ages under 39 years.