Design of graphene-modified flexible pyroelectric energy harvester for self-powered sensing
2Physics, JADAVPUR University, KOLKATA, WEST Bengal, India
3Physics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Punjab, Punjab, India
Unlike piezo- and triboelectricity1, the pyroelectric effect has been relatively less explored for energy harvesting and self-powered sensors. Pyroelectric nanogenerators (PyNGs) solely utilize periodic thermal oscillation to produce electrical energy relying on spontaneous surface polarization change in the active material2-4. Here, we report the fabrication of a flexible pyroelectric nanogenerator (PyNG) where the active pyroelectric component and the electrodes were composed of composite nanofibers and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film respectively. The pyroelectric component was actually assembled with graphene composite derived randomly oriented electrospun PVDF nano-fibers possessing ferroelectric β- and γ-phases. The thermoelectric polarization has also been performed on the as-prepared sample. The PyNG possess a higher level of sensitivity which can detect very low level of temperature fluctuation. In addition, the thermal energy harvesting ability of the PyNG under several temperature variations and cycling frequencies paves the way for next-generation thermal sensors and self-powered wearable sensors.
References:
(1) Wang, L. Z.; Song, J. Piezoelectric Nanogenerators Based on Zinc Oxide Nanowire Arrays. Science, 2006, 312, 242-246.
(2) Ghosh, K. S.; Sinha, K. T.; Xie, M.; Bowen, R. C.; Garain, S.; Mahanty, B.; Roy, K.; Henkel, K.; Schmeißer, D.; Kim, K. J.; Mandal, D. Temperature−Pressure Hybrid Sensing All-Organic Stretchable Energy Harvester. ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. 2021, 3, 1, 248–259.
(3) Roy, K.; Ghosh, K. S.; Sultana, A.; Garain, S.; Xie, M.; Bowen, R. C.; Henkel, K.; Schmeiβer, D.; Mandal, D. A Self-Powered Wearable Pressure Sensor and Pyroelectric Breathing Sensor Based on GO Interfaced PVDF Nanofibers. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2019, 2, 4, 2013–2025.
(4) Zabek, D.; Seunarine, K.; Spacie, C.; Bowen, C. Graphene Ink Laminate Structures on Poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) for Pyroelectric Thermal Energy Harvesting and Waste Heat Recovery. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 9161−9167.
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