Candidate stem cell isolation and transplantation in Hexacorallia

Shani Talice The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics. Faculty of Health Sciences. Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells., Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel School of Sustainability and Climate Change, School of Sustainability and Climate Change., Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel

This study investigates stem cell characteristics in Hexacorallia using the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis as a model organism. We identified a subpopulation of cells exhibiting key stem cell properties, including self-renewal, differentiation potential, and long-term survival. These cells successfully integrated into recipient organisms and demonstrated therapeutic potential in chemotherapy rescue experiments.

Using aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity as a marker, we enriched the candidate stem cell population and confirmed their properties through machine learning analysis and bulk RNA sequencing. The ALDH-high population was predominantly located in the mesenteries, suggesting a potential stem cell niche.

Cell transplantation experiments revealed clear differentiation between pre- and post-transplantation stages, indicating successful engraftment and differentiation of transplanted cells. This research establishes a foundation for stem cell studies in Hexacorallia and opens avenues for potential cell therapy approaches in corals, addressing issues related to heat tolerance and survival in the context of global warming. Our findings provide a valuable model for future research in coral conservation and regenerative medicine in marine invertebrates, potentially leading to novel strategies for preserving and restoring coral reef ecosystems.