Endocardial lead wear – description of tribological phenomena on the basis of microscopic examination of removed leads

Barbara Malecka 1 Andrzej Zabek 1 Andrzej Cias 2 Janusz Stepinski 2,5 Andrzej Kutarski 3 Jacek Ronda 4 Jecak Lelakowski 1 Janusz Malecki
1Department of Electrocardiology, Jonh Paul II Hospital
2Department of Physical Metallurgy & Powder Metallurgy, AGH - University of Science and Technology
3Department of Cardiology, Medical University
4Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH - University of Science and Technology
5Outpatient Clinic, Medical Private Practice

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