One of the main factors determining vulnerability of buildings, constructions and structures to impulse blast loads is possible blast wave focusing on corners and seams of constructive elements. Mach reflection resulted in generation of shock waves triple configurations delivering extreme wind loads from cocurrent flow is also dangerous [1].
To solve the problem of special blast-resistant booth development, mechanical loads on most vulnerable elements of the structure, especially its corners and seams, have been estimated theoretically and numerically. Special geometrical screens (fairings) allowing avoiding blast wave focusing phenomenon and generating extreme shock-wave configurations [1] have been developed. The booth structure includes unloading openings for eliminating the post-blast quasi-static load at a closed explosion and for reducing the dynamic load effect time. Multi-layer armoring of the structure (with air gaps between the armor layers) has proof itself as preferable, but not necessary.
The present paper presents analysis of the reflection phenomenon and ways of preventing blast shock waves focusing that occurs at explosions in closed and semi-closed spaces [2]. Results of the numerical simulation and theoretical analysis based on empirical relations and are supported by series of field tests on various blast-resistant booths.
References
- Uskov V.N., Chernyshov M.V. Special and extreme triple shock-wave configurations // Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics. 2006. Vol. 47. No. 4. Pp. 492-504.
- Silnikov M.V., Mikhaylin A.I. Protection of flying vehicles against blast loads // Acta Astronautica. 2014. Vol. 97. Pp. 30-37.
